Decoration lecture: diatomite & art painting
I. Preparation of tools and materials
No matter what kind of texture construction, the minimum should be: 1, portable electric mixer; 2, 20 liters clean white emulsion bucket 2~3; 3, trowel; 4, foot ladder; 5, water measuring utensils; 6, protective supplies such as American paper; 7, brush, rag and other cleaning supplies.
Confirmation of material quantity: diatomite wall material construction area of 0.7~1.0 square meters per kilogram (coated 2 times, coating thickness of about 2.5mm). Measure the area to be constructed, determine the texture pattern, according to which the number of diatomite wall materials required to confirm.
Second, grass-roots treatment
Diatomite wall material builder, generally will ask the owner to do a good job of grass-roots treatment before entering the field of work, do not do grass-roots treatment work, otherwise, the grass-roots treatment. The general painting master has mastered the knowledge of grass-roots treatment and has certain experience, so we will not elaborate here. For the grass-roots level that is treated well, when entering the field to start work, it must be inspected first. Problems are found and dealt with in time, and it is clear who is responsible when problems arise. Wall cracks, plywood, gypsum board and other patchwork treatment, has been covered by the putty layer, may not be able to detect, to find ways to investigate clearly. If the treatment is not good, the wall will be cracked some time after the construction is finished. It is difficult to shirk the responsibility when the owner is pursued, and it is necessary to find out clearly beforehand.
Acceptance criteria for the substrate.
Project requirements Inspection tools
Yin and Yang corner horizontal verticality
≦2mm 2m leaning tape 100mm straightedge
Base surface flatness
≦3mm 2m leaning tape 100mm straightedge
Integrity of base surface
No obvious knife marks on the surface, no cracks, hollow drums, etc. Visual inspection, hand feeling
Door and window frame edging
The upper and lower levels are uniform, no burr, and the doors and windows
Side width error should be less than 1.5 mm 100 mm steel plate ruler
Surface water resistance degree
After water scrubbing, the wall surface does not change Sponge foam
Surface adhesion strength
Use a piece of adhesive paper on the wall, tear off with force, no change in the wall Adhesive strength of tape paper
Third, materials and construction
Material reconciliation diatomaceous earth wall material 10 kg / bag, divided into dry powder material, fine sand texture material and coarse sand scraping sand material. Add 8~10 liters of water according to the construction texture. Specific practices are as follows.
1, first brush the white latex bucket clean, you can use 1.5 liters of beverage water bottle as a measuring cup (better with a special measuring cup), 7.5 liters of clean water into the white latex bucket (1.5 liters x 5 times). Measure 1 more bottle of water for the final adjustment of the consistency.
Tip: Pour in how much water to be accurate, it is strictly forbidden to open the faucet to inject water directly into the white latex bucket to determine the amount of water by experience. Otherwise, because the amount of water in each bucket is different, resulting in color differences.
2、 Add the standard amount of color paste, and then stir until the color paste is evenly dispersed.
Tip: Not all color paste can be compatible with the material, the color paste added must be the color paste recommended by our company, test beforehand when deciding the color paste by yourself; when stirring, pay attention to stir to the bottom of the barrel.
3. Check the bag for completeness, remove the dirt from the bag, and open the bag seal with scissors. Pour 70% of the material into the barrel slowly first, then use the stirrer to stir, after the dry powder and color paste water are completely mixed, then pour the remaining material into the barrel and continue to stir until the material becomes a fine paste (no granular, lumpy).
Tips: just stirring, the mixture is sticky, stirring effort, for the normal situation, just continue to stir; to pay attention to control the mixer, to prevent material splashing; to manage the construction site health environment, civilized construction.
4、 Stir for a few minutes before the formal construction.
5、 For the remaining materials used on the same day, please scrub the edge of the barrel mouth and keep it sealed. The next day, stir again can continue to use.
Four, texture production
The texture production from the reasoning, texture expression form is not limited. Diatomaceous earth wall material is like a mural material, construction tools are like the tools used to do murals, as long as you have imagination, artistic skills, in the construction of the wall can play to your heart’s content. This masterpiece is, after all, very little, and there is still a certain range of practical application. With the depth of practice, the texture modeling will certainly be more and more.
These commonly used tools are: bristle roller, rubber printing roller, wood trowel, stainless steel trowel, stainless steel toothpick trowel, plastic trowel, rubber trowel, toothpick scraping comb, and small broom for home use.
Diatom mud wall texture construction method is divided into the following three series: flat light method, spraying method and art method. These three methods have the same construction requirements for the grass-roots level: 1, grass-roots treatment and maintenance → 2, scraping putty and other levelling wall → 3, painting closed primer. If the water-resistant putty is used in step 2, the closed primer in step 3 can be omitted.
(a) Flatwork method
The flat light method is mainly to adapt to the objective situation that current home decoration customers are mainly white smooth, to meet those who want to choose healthy decoration materials, but also do not give up the traditional flat, white aesthetic orientation of the decoration customers. For the builders of diatomite wall materials, this is a challenge. Because the standard of flatness already in the customer’s mind is the standard of latex paint wall, diatom mud wall material and latex paint are completely different materials, diatom mud wall material is not self-leveling, whether the coating of flatness and the skills of the master builder has a great relationship. When the customer chooses to paint with the flat light method, the standard of delivery to the customer must be made clear to the customer. This standard can be decided by painting a sample on site in advance.
Strictly check whether the putty layer meets the requirements before construction; whether the doors, windows, furniture, wooden floors and other objects are well protected.
Staffing: 1 person within 5m2 for the same interface, 2 persons from 5m2 to 15m2 and more than 3 persons above 15m2 to ensure.
The first time with a stainless steel trowel will mix the material thinly batch coated on the substrate, the area should not be too large, 80cm width can be.
Followed by the second batch coating in the same direction to ensure that the grass-roots batch coating is uniform and flat without obvious batch knife marks and bubbles; the coating should be guaranteed at about 1mm-1.2mm. Timely check the overall coating for defects and timely repair. When the coating surface receives 85-90% water (finger pressure does not stick and no obvious indentation), then use 0.2~0.5mm thick stainless steel trowel in the same direction, batch coating for the third time. Its coating thickness 0.8-1m. pay attention to the strength of the push knife, do not push too hard, do not repeatedly calendering. The light should be bright during the batch coating process, to be able to see the wall surface of the batch coating clearly, and timely repair the appearing bumpy traces.
Acceptance criteria.
Project requirements Inspection tools
Finishing
①. The finish is uniform in color and smooth to the touch.
②. The finish is free of polishing knife marks, cracks, pinholes, bubbles, powder removal and other defects Visual inspection, feel
Yin and Yang corners
①. Yin and Yang corners are smooth and neat, without defects such as lumping and knife eating.
②. The positive corners are smooth and neat, without burrs and obvious defects such as missing corners, visual inspection
Allowed to be RO.5 mm rounded corners.
Door and window frames
①. Each edge of the finish should be consistent with the horizontal vertical distance of doors and windows, storage cabinets, etc.
Error should be less than 1.5 mm; 100 mm straightedge
②. Ensure that the edges are smooth and there should be no burr defects, etc.
Environmental hygiene
Clear windows, clean environment Visual inspection
(II), spraying method
Spraying means that the mortar is evenly sprayed from the nozzle of the gun by the pressure of compressed air. The spraying method is suitable for large-area construction work and can improve efficiency. Before construction, strictly check whether the putty layer meets the requirements; whether the doors, windows, furniture, wooden floors and other objects are well protected; the materials must be deployed in accordance with the water proportion of the product; prepare a test board first, adjust the amount of oil and air pressure from the spray gun; when spraying, the arm should move, so that the hands and feet follow, the eyes see, synchronize, and deal with problems in a timely manner; when spraying, do not arbitrarily increase or decrease the proportion of water in the coating. Spraying order and route determination affects the whole spraying process, spraying before determining its spraying point and spraying order. From the total layout, should follow the principle of “first far after near, first up after down, first inside after outside”. Generally can be sprayed according to the ceiling after the wall, first indoor after the aisle, stairwell.
Spraying is divided into 2 times. The first spraying is mainly to cover the ground, to prevent the bottom. After the first spraying, you can spray the second time when you touch the wall by hand without staining. Caliber 5mm gun, the first spraying pressure of 4.0kgf/cm2 is appropriate; the second spraying pressure 2.5 ~ 3.0 kgf/cm2 is appropriate. Parallel spraying distance of 50 ~ 60cm is more appropriate. Spray gun and the distance between the wall, air spraying 30 ~ 40cm, airless spraying 40cm ~ 60cm. spraying method of texture effect is relatively single, mostly concave and convex texture. Before drying, the appropriate scraping pressure convex point, the formation of flat concave texture style. After spraying, we should clean up the protective tape immediately, and use the wool brush dipped in water to shake dry, and straighten out the edges of each protective tape.
(C), art method
The flat light method and spraying method are relatively stable and easy to master. Artistic method is complicated, even if you use the same tools and do the same texture, the artistic effect varies from person to person. In a nutshell, art technique is the general term of using various tools to make various different styles of texture. Its characteristics are: there is no fixed, the same texture pattern, different builders, the performance of different styles, thousands of people; the use of tools vary from person to person, unique and colorful; the performance of the texture effect is good or bad, closely related to the skills of the builder.
From the viewpoint of the tools used, there are usually rollers, trowels, brushes, screens and so on. From the point of view of texture performance, it is mainly imitating natural patterns, with realistic techniques and abstract performance, such as flowers and plants, sandstone, wood grain, annual cycle, etc.
1、Rubber roller method
As a construction tool of art paint, rubber printing roller has hundreds of patterns, which are produced by professional manufacturers. However, not all patterns can be used in the construction of diatomite wall materials, to do the test first, get the construction essentials, and then use. Use rubber printing roller to make diatomite wall texture pattern, first of all, with trowel batch coating, batch coating process and flat light method is basically the same. Then use the roller in the surface rolling embossing, must be pressed into once.
2、Trowel method
Trowels are made of stainless steel and other metal trowels, wooden trowels, plastic trowels and rubber trowels. Different materials of trowels have different uses and different texture. Construction procedure: Batch coating with trowel, the process is basically the same as the flat method.
3、Hand-painting method
In people’s impression, the painting has always been hung on the wall, painting on the wall seems to stay only in the niche group. When the home trend of advocating individuality comes, the wall painting is different from the content of the painting, but the means of decoration is almost the same. At this time, hand-painted wall paintings not only with its unrestrained, naïve conquered the fashion, but also let the home into the “I era”. A very popular hand-painted walls on the network began to come into reality, bringing people a new home design concept. Wall painting is the embodiment of humanistic style hand-painted wall painting in the city gradually hot, it is mainly based on the owner’s hobbies and interests, subject to the overall design style of the home, in their own walls painted a variety of patterns to decorate the home.
Wall painting not only pattern to obey the overall design style, the color should also be consistent with the overall design style. Scandinavian minimalist design color is more extreme, wandering in black and white gray and super bright color ends, so the corresponding wall painting pattern is mostly processed more abstract patterns. Modernist design tends to be colorful, and the corresponding wall painting patterns are more realistic. The hand-painted patterns of European design are more neutral and understated in color, and the wall painting patterns are mainly derived from classical European decorative symbols to match the performance of European furniture and wall lines. Chinese style pattern colors are mainly more traditional black, red and gold, wall painting patterns are mainly derived from traditional Chinese patterns and motifs and patterns often expressed by Chinese painting.
The three popular styles of wall painting in home design, consider the location of hand-painted wall paintings are mainly the following cases. One is to choose a relatively major wall painted on a large area, this hand-painted wall painting is as the main decorative face of the home appears, will often give visitors a very large visual impact, the effect is very prominent and impressive. Another is for some special space for targeted painting, such as the sunroom can be drawn in the local sun, flowers and birds as the theme of the painting, in the stairwell painting a large tree and so on. There is another type of “accent” type, at home decoration, there are often some corners, corners are not suitable for furniture or decorations, then you can use hand-painted wall paintings to enrich up. In addition, there are some specifically for the home, decorations to paint some more creative painting, such as painting a human pattern behind the sofa, painting some branches, leaves on the wall behind the potted plants, can play an unexpected effect.
Hand-painted method: diatomite wall material hand-painted method and the current hand-painted wall painting should be different. The materials used in hand-painted wall painting are generally acrylic paint, oil paint or latex paint. The material used for hand-painting of diatomite wall materials should be the diatomite wall material itself, or you can use mineral pigments with plant and animal gum blends, or at least natural paint. Can not use hand-painted wall painting materials, mainly to maintain the naturalness and functionality of diatom mud wall materials, to ensure the health and safety of the owners. At present, have not seen the diatom mud wall material hand-painted work method debut.
Five, finished product maintenance and other considerations
1, diatomaceous earth completely dry generally need 48 hours, in 48 hours do not touch.
2, 48 hours after the spray can spray a small amount of water, dry with a dry clean towel or sponge foam to remove the surface floating material.
3, diatomite wall materials for indoor materials, can not be used outdoors.
4, diatomite wall materials in the storage and transportation process, pay attention to waterproof, moisture, avoid directly on the wet ground.
5, in the construction process, pay attention not to use air conditioning, fans or open windows for ventilation. Drying too quickly, increasing the difficulty of texture construction.
6、 When mixing materials, please pay attention to use protective supplies such as masks, and when mud accidentally splashes in the eyes, wash with clean water immediately. When abnormalities occur, please seek medical diagnosis.
